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| BASIC
NEEDS Materials |
METALs | Elements
Processes
|
| ELEMENTs |
year |
. |
ELEMENTs |
year |
. |
PROCESSEs |
year |
| EARLY
|
BCE |
. |
LATER |
CE |
. |
Metallurgy |
BCE |
| Copper |
4000 |
. |
. |
1820 |
. |
Copper |
2000 |
| Gold |
3000 |
. |
Silicon |
23 |
. |
Bronze |
1000 |
| Iron |
2000 |
. |
Aluminum |
27 |
. |
Pewter |
600 |
| Bronze |
1400 |
. |
Thorium |
28 |
. |
Iron |
1500 |
| Brass |
600 |
. |
Vanadium |
30 |
. |
Steel |
1200 |
| Tin |
? |
. |
Lanthanum |
39 |
. |
Crucible
steel |
200 |
| Silver |
500 |
. |
Erbium |
43 |
. |
.
|
AD |
| Lead |
500 |
. |
Terbium |
43 |
. |
Tin
glazing |
700 |
| Zinc |
200 |
. |
Ruthenium |
44 |
. |
lead(II)
oxide |
900 |
| . |
. |
. |
.
|
1850 |
. |
red
lead |
900 |
| . |
CE |
. |
Cesium |
60 |
. |
tin(II)
oxide |
900 |
| Steel |
500 |
. |
Rubidium |
60 |
. |
copper
acetate |
900 |
| . |
1700 |
. |
Thallium |
61 |
. |
copper(II)
oxide |
900 |
| Mercury |
00 |
. |
Indium |
63 |
. |
lead
sulfide |
900 |
| Cobalt |
35 |
. |
Gallium |
75 |
. |
zinc
oxide |
900 |
| Nickel |
51 |
. |
Holmium
|
75 |
. |
Damascus
steel |
1000 |
| Manganese |
74 |
. |
Thulium |
78 |
. |
type
metal alloy |
1448 |
| Molybdenum |
81 |
. |
Ytterbium |
78 |
. |
Calamine
Zinc |
1738 |
| Tellurium |
82 |
. |
Scandium |
79 |
. |
crucible
steel |
1740 |
| Tungsten |
83 |
. |
Samarium |
81 |
. |
copper/zinc
acid battery |
1799 |
| Platinum |
89 |
. |
Gadolinium |
82 |
. |
. |
. |
| Uranium |
89 |
. |
Praseodymium |
83 |
. |
. |
1800 |
| Zirconium |
89 |
. |
Neodymium |
84 |
. |
metallic
aluminium |
25 |
| Titanium |
91 |
. |
Dysprosium |
85 |
. |
silver
based photo |
39 |
| Yttrium |
94 |
. |
Germanium |
86 |
. |
Bessemer
steel |
55 |
| Beryllium |
97 |
. |
Polonium
|
98 |
. |
selenium
solar cell |
83 |
| Chromium |
97 |
. |
Radium |
98 |
. |
. |
. |
| . |
1800 |
. |
Actinium |
99 |
. |
. |
1900 |
| Niobium |
01 |
. |
. |
1900 |
. |
Aluminum
Foil |
10 |
| Tantalum |
02 |
. |
Protoactinium
|
18 |
. |
Stainless
steel |
12 |
| Iridium |
03 |
. |
Neptunium |
40 |
. |
germanium
transistor |
47 |
| Palladium |
03 |
. |
Plutonium |
41 |
. |
AOD
refining |
54 |
| Rhodium |
03 |
. |
Americium |
44 |
. |
duplex
stainless |
80 |
| Osmium |
04 |
. |
Curium |
44 |
. |
. |
. |
| Potassium
|
07 |
. |
Berkelium |
49 |
. |
. |
. |
| Sodium |
07 |
. |
Californium |
50 |
. |
. |
. |
| Boron |
08 |
. |
Einsteinium |
52 |
. |
. |
. |
| Barium |
08 |
. |
Fermium |
52 |
. |
. |
. |
| Calcium |
08 |
. |
Mendelevium |
55 |
. |
. |
. |
| Magnesium |
08 |
. |
Nobelium |
57 |
. |
. |
. |
| Strontium |
08 |
. |
Lawrencium |
61 |
. |
. |
. |
| Chromium |
08 |
. |
Rutherfordium |
64 |
. |
. |
. |
| Cerium |
14 |
. |
Dubnium |
67 |
. |
. |
. |
| Lithium |
17 |
. |
Seaborgium |
74 |
. |
. |
. |
| Cadmium |
17 |
. |
Bohrium |
75 |
. |
. |
. |
| Selenium |
17 |
. |
Meitnerium |
82 |
. |
. |
. |
| . |
. |
. |
Hassium |
84 |
. |
. |
. |
| . |
. |
. |
Ununnilium |
94 |
. |
. |
. |
| . |
. |
. |
Unuminium |
94 |
. |
. |
. |
| . |
. |
. |
Unubium |
96 |
. |
. |
. |
| . |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| . |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| . |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| . |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| ELEMENTs |
year |
. |
ELEMENTs |
year |
. |
PROCESSEs |
year |
| .BASIC
NEEDS Inventions |
Needs: |
Materials: |
|
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